The Role of Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart Cities: Challenges and Opportunities

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a key driver of smart city development, enabling real-time monitoring, efficient resource utilization, and enhanced urban living. This paper explores IoT applications in smart transportation, energy management, waste disposal, and public safety. We analyze case studies of successful smart city implementations and identify key challenges such as cybersecurity risks, data privacy, and infrastructure costs. The study concludes that IoT-based smart cities hold immense potential to improve sustainability, reduce operational costs, and enhance citizens' quality of life when integrated with robust policies and security frameworks.