Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS): Bridging the Gap Between Physical and Digital Worlds

Abstract

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate computational intelligence with physical processes to enable real-time monitoring and automation. This paper explores the applications of CPS in smart grids, autonomous vehicles, and industrial automation. We discuss the role of AI, IoT, and cloud computing in enhancing CPS efficiency and reliability. Security vulnerabilities, real-time data processing challenges, and the need for robust communication protocols are also analyzed. The findings suggest that CPS will play a critical role in the future of intelligent infrastructure, enhancing efficiency and safety across industries.